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Association between FY*02N.01 and the severity of COVID-19: initial observations

Marina C A V Conrado1, Marcia R Dezan1, Valéria Brito Oliveira1

  • 1Fundação Pró-Sangue Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy
|January 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The ACKR1 c.-67T>C gene variation, linked to Duffy antigens, is associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes. This finding suggests a potential mechanism for worse prognosis in Afro-descendants infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Severe COVID-19 is characterized by a pro-inflammatory immune response.
  • Duffy blood group antigens act as receptors for pro-inflammatory chemokines.
  • The ACKR1 c.-67T>C gene variation can silence Duffy antigen expression, impairing inflammatory control in homozygous individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the ACKR1 c.-67T>C gene variation and COVID-19 severity.
  • To explore the potential role of this genetic variation in the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, single-center case-control study involving 164 participants.
  • Participants were categorized into four groups: Death, Hospital Discharge, Convalescent Plasma Donors, and Controls.
  • Genotyping for the ACKR1 c.-67T>C (FY*02 N.01 allele) was performed, and allele frequencies were compared across groups.

Main Results:

  • A significantly higher percentage of patients with at least one FY*02N.01 allele was observed in the Death (36.8%) and Hospital Discharge (37%) groups compared to Convalescent Plasma Donors (16.1%) and Controls (16.2%) (p=0.027).
  • The FY*02N.01 allele was independently associated with the presence of the allele and in-hospital death (p=0.058).
  • Hypertension, age, and the presence of at least one FY*02N.01 allele were independently associated with the need for hospitalization (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.009, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • A suggestive association exists between the FY*02N.01 allele and increased COVID-19 severity.
  • This genetic variation may contribute to the poorer prognosis observed in Afro-descendants infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19DARCDuffy

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