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Are there task-specific effects in morphological processing? Examining semantic transparency effects in semantic

Qian Wen Chee¹, Melvin J Yap¹

¹National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)

|January 27, 2022

Summary

This study reveals that word processing depends on both form and meaning, challenging previous theories. Task demands influence how we process word structures, impacting semantic transparency effects.

Keywords:

Morphological processing lexical decision masked priming semantic categorisation task-specific effects word recognition

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Area of Science:

Psycholinguistics
Cognitive Science
Computational Linguistics

Background:

Current theories on morphological processing include form-then-meaning, form-with-meaning, and connectionist accounts.
Existing evidence favors form-then-meaning, but findings are conflicting.
Semantic transparency effects are understudied across different tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if task requirements moderate early morphological processing dynamics.
To examine semantic transparency effects in both lexical decision and semantic categorization tasks.
To challenge the dominance of form-then-meaning accounts in morphological processing.

Main Methods:

Utilized the masked morphological priming paradigm.
Compared semantic transparency effects for transparent and opaque prime-target pairs.
Tested word processing across semantic categorization and lexical decision tasks.

Main Results:

Priming effects were stronger for transparent pairs (e.g., painter-PAINT) than opaque pairs (e.g., corner-CORN) in both tasks.
These findings contradict predictions of form-then-meaning accounts.
Task demands do not appear to eliminate semantic transparency effects.

Conclusions:

Morphological processing is influenced by both form and meaning, not just form.
The findings necessitate a revision of current theories of morphological processing.
Future research should explore the interaction between task-general and task-specific processing mechanisms.