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Kidney Structure

Kidney Structure

The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney

The kidneys are essential organs in the human body, performing a myriad of tasks that maintain homeostasis and overall health.
Anatomical Position and Dimensions
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs positioned against the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the spine, roughly between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae. Each kidney is typically 10-12 cm long, 5-6 cm wide, and 3-4 cm thick, weighing about 150 grams.
Renal Cortex
The outermost region of the kidney is the...

External Anatomy of the Kidney

External Anatomy of the Kidney

The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs in the human body that play a critical role in maintaining overall health. They filter out waste products from the blood, regulate blood pressure, maintain electrolyte balance, and stimulate the production of red blood cells.
The kidneys are located in the retroperitoneal space on either side of the vertebral column, protected posteriorly by the 11th and 12th ribs. The right kidney sits slightly lower than the left owing to the presence of the liver...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Efficient Vascularization of Kidney Organoids through Intracelomic Transplantation in Chicken Embryos

Efficient Vascularization of Kidney Organoids through Intracelomic Transplantation in Chicken Embryos

Published on: February 17, 2023

Kidney organoids: current knowledge and future directions.

Niloofar Khoshdel-Rad^1,2, Amin Ahmadi^1,3, Reza Moghadasali^4,5

¹Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.

Cell and Tissue Research

|January 28, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances in kidney organoids, derived from stem cells, offer promising in vitro models. These 3D kidney models mimic native tissue, aiding drug screening and disease research.

Keywords:

3D culture In vitro models Kidney development Kidney organoids Organogenesis

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Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine

Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine

Published on: April 16, 2021

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Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Efficient Vascularization of Kidney Organoids through Intracelomic Transplantation in Chicken Embryos

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Published on: February 17, 2023

Author Spotlight: Optimizing iPSC Differentiation for Efficient Production to Generate Kidney Organoids

Author Spotlight: Optimizing iPSC Differentiation for Efficient Production to Generate Kidney Organoids

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Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine

Generation of Human Kidney Tubuloids from Tissue and Urine

Published on: April 16, 2021

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Stem Cell Biology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

The human kidney's complexity presents challenges for in vitro modeling.
Significant progress has been made in developing advanced kidney models.
Kidney organoids are 3D in vitro models derived from stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the cellular complexity in generating kidney organoids.
To highlight recent advancements in kidney organoid technology.
To discuss the applications of kidney organoids in research and medicine.

Main Methods:

Generation of kidney organoids from stem cells in 3D cultures.
Characterization of organoid cell types, morphology, and function.
Review of current literature on kidney organoid development and applications.

Main Results:

Kidney organoids exhibit remarkable similarities to native kidney tissue.
3D kidney organoids facilitate the study of cellular communication.
These organoids show potential for drug screening and disease modeling.

Conclusions:

Kidney organoids represent a significant breakthrough in in vitro kidney modeling.
The technology holds promise for regenerative medicine and understanding kidney diseases.
Further research into cellular complexity will enhance organoid capabilities.