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Related Concept Videos

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation01:16

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation

3.8K
Thermal cycloadditions are reactions where the source of activation energy needed to initiate the reaction is provided in the form of heat. A typical example of a thermally-allowed cycloaddition is the Diels–Alder reaction, which is a [4 + 2] cycloaddition. In contrast, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition is thermally forbidden.
3.8K
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation01:12

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

2.2K
Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
2.2K
Cyclohexenones via Michael Addition and Aldol Condensation: The Robinson Annulation01:27

Cyclohexenones via Michael Addition and Aldol Condensation: The Robinson Annulation

2.4K
Robinson annulation is a base-catalyzed reaction for the synthesis of 2-cyclohexenone derivatives from 1,3-dicarbonyl donors (such as cyclic diketones, β-ketoesters, or β-diketones) and α,β-unsaturated carbonyl acceptors. Named after Sir Robert Robinson, who discovered it, this reaction yields a six-membered ring with three new C–C bonds (two σ bonds and one π bond).
2.4K
Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview01:16

Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview

2.9K
Cycloadditions are one of the most valuable and effective synthesis routes to form cyclic compounds. These are concerted pericyclic reactions between two unsaturated compounds resulting in a cyclic product with two new σ bonds formed at the expense of π bonds. The [4 + 2] cycloaddition, known as the Diels–Alder reaction, is the most common. The other example is a [2 + 2] cycloaddition.
2.9K
Oxymercuration-Reduction of Alkenes02:36

Oxymercuration-Reduction of Alkenes

8.1K
Oxymercuration–reduction of alkenes is one of the major reactions converting alkenes to alcohols. It involves the hydration of alkenes with mercuric acetate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and water, forming an organomercury adduct. This is followed by a demercuration step in which the adduct is reduced to an alcohol using sodium borohydride.
8.1K
[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

10.9K
The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
10.9K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Core-Shell Metal-Organic Frameworks

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Uniform Core-Shell Microspheres of SiO2@MOF for CO2 Cycloaddition Reactions.

Chen-Yen Tsai1, Yi-Hsuan Chen2, Szetsen Lee2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111, Taiwan.

Inorganic Chemistry
|January 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces SiO2@MOF core-shell microspheres for green catalysis. These optimized microspheres demonstrate high catalytic activity and stability in CO2 cycloaddition reactions, showing promise for sustainable chemical synthesis.

Keywords:
catalystscore–shell microspherescyclic carbonatescycloaddition reactionmetal–organic framework

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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

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Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks MOFs
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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
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Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer tunable properties for catalysis.
  • Core-shell structures can enhance material stability and performance.
  • Environmentally friendly catalytic processes are crucial for sustainable development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and optimize SiO2@MOF core-shell microspheres for catalytic applications.
  • To evaluate the catalytic performance of these microspheres in the cycloaddition of CO2 and propylene oxide.
  • To demonstrate the stability and recyclability of the developed catalyst.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of various Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) core-shell microspheres.
  • Optimization of modification and coating techniques for enhanced stability and catalytic activity.
  • Application of SiO2@MOF microspheres in the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide, utilizing tetrabutylammonium bromide as a co-catalyst.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized several types of SiO2@MOF core-shell microspheres.
  • Optimized microspheres exhibited enhanced dispersion and high catalytic activity.
  • SiO2@ZIF-67 achieved a maximum conversion of 97% in CO2 cycloaddition.
  • The catalyst maintained high performance over 5 reaction cycles.
  • High conversion rates were observed for the reaction with various terminal epoxides.

Conclusions:

  • SiO2@MOF core-shell microspheres are effective and stable catalysts for environmentally friendly applications.
  • The optimized SiO2@ZIF-67 catalyst shows excellent performance and recyclability in CO2 cycloaddition.
  • These core-shell microspheres hold significant promise for sustainable catalysis, particularly in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates.