Mesenchymal Stem-Cell Derived Exosome Therapy as a Potential Future Approach for Treatment of Male Infertility Caused
Mahin Izadi1,2, Laleh Dehghan Marvast3, Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani4
1Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Abstract:
Some microbial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have adverse effects on the reproductive tract, sperm function, and male fertility. Given that STIs are often asymptomatic and cause major complications such as urogenital inflammation, fibrosis, and scarring, optimal treatments should be performed to prevent the noxious effect of STIs on male fertility. Among STIs, Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common asymptomatic preventable bacterial STI. C. trachomatis can affect both sperm and the male reproductive tract. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived exosomes have been considered as a new therapeutic medicine due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and regenerative effects without consequences through the stem cell transplantation based therapies. Inflammation of the genital tract and sperm dysfunction are the consequences of the microbial infections, especially Chlamydia trachomatis. Exosome therapy as a noninvasive approach has shown promising results on the ability to regenerate the damaged sperm and treating asthenozoospermia. Recent experimental methods may be helpful in the novel treatments of male infertility. Thus, it is demonstrated that exosomes play an important role in preventing the consequences of infection, and thereby preventing inflammation, reducing cell damage, inhibiting fibrogenesis, and reducing scar formation. This review aimed to overview the studies about the potential therapeutic roles of MSCs-derived exosomes on sperm abnormalities and male infertility caused by STIs.
Insights
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes show promise for treating male infertility caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This noninvasive therapy regenerates sperm and reduces inflammation and damage from infections like Chlamydia trachomatis.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology
- Regenerative medicine
- Microbiology
Background:
- Microbial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) negatively impact male reproductive health, causing inflammation, fibrosis, and infertility.
- Chlamydia trachomatis, a common STI, leads to sperm dysfunction and damage to the male reproductive tract.
- Current treatments for STIs may not fully address fertility complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes in managing male infertility linked to STIs.
- To explore the regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties of exosomes in the context of STI-induced reproductive damage.
- To highlight novel treatment strategies for male infertility resulting from STIs.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on MSC-derived exosomes and their effects on male reproductive health.
- Analysis of studies investigating exosome therapy for STI-related complications.
- Focus on experimental evidence regarding exosome efficacy in sperm regeneration and inflammation reduction.
Main Results:
- MSC-derived exosomes possess immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and regenerative properties.
- Exosome therapy demonstrates potential in regenerating damaged sperm and treating asthenozoospermia.
- Exosomes can mitigate infection consequences, including inflammation, cell damage, fibrogenesis, and scar formation.
Conclusions:
- MSC-derived exosomes represent a promising noninvasive therapeutic approach for male infertility caused by STIs.
- Exosome therapy offers a novel strategy to address sperm abnormalities and reproductive tract damage.
- Further research into exosome applications could revolutionize male infertility treatment.
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