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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
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Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
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Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Vaccine Production01:23

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...
Transmission of Pathogens01:24

Transmission of Pathogens

Pathogens spread from their reservoirs to susceptible hosts through three main routes: contact transmission, vehicle transmission, and vector transmission. Each route involves distinct mechanisms of transfer.Contact TransmissionThis category includes direct contact, indirect contact, and droplet transmission:Direct contact involves immediate physical interaction between individuals—such as a handshake—which can spread pathogens like Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacterium responsible for...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Coronavirus

Coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), are enveloped viruses characterized by their single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and helical nucleocapsid structure. The hallmark of these viruses is their club-shaped spike (S) glycoproteins that protrude from the viral envelope, facilitating attachment to host cells. Typically, coronaviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, often causing mild or asymptomatic disease. However, certain strains like...

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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics
14:56

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics

Published on: April 6, 2019

VA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAM RESPONDS TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

Jonathan Duvall1,2, Garrett G Grindle1,2, John Kaplan3

  • 1Human Engineering Research Laboratories, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Technology and Innovation
|January 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic created healthcare challenges, including personal protective equipment shortages. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) rapidly developed new technologies to improve infection prevention for staff and patients.

Keywords:
COVID-19HealthcareVeterans

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Published on: September 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare innovation
  • Infection prevention technologies
  • Pandemic response

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly strained global healthcare systems.
  • Key challenges included shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the need for advanced infection control technologies.
  • Healthcare workers and patients required enhanced safety measures against novel infectious agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe innovations developed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Technology Transfer Program.
  • To highlight the rapid development of these technologies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To showcase solutions addressing critical VA healthcare needs during the global health crisis.

Main Methods:

  • The VA Technology Transfer Program prioritized innovation development.
  • The Technology Transfer Assistance Project focused on pandemic-related needs.
  • This paper documents the process of rapid innovation and implementation.

Main Results:

  • Several key innovations were successfully developed and implemented within the VA system.
  • These technologies directly addressed the critical challenges posed by the pandemic.
  • The rapid development cycle enabled timely deployment of solutions.

Conclusions:

  • The VA's Technology Transfer Program demonstrated agility in addressing pandemic-related healthcare challenges.
  • Rapid innovation in infection prevention technologies is crucial for healthcare system resilience.
  • The VA successfully leveraged technology transfer to enhance staff and patient safety during COVID-19.