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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
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Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach

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Ankle Arthritis.

Vu Le1, Andrea Veljkovic1, Peter Salat2

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics
|January 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ankle arthritis, often post-traumatic, affects a younger demographic. Treatment ranges from conservative measures to surgical options like ankle arthrodesis and total ankle arthroplasty for end-stage cases.

Keywords:
ankleankle arthritisankle arthrodesisarthritistotal ankle replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Ankle arthritis significantly impacts a younger, working-age population.
  • Over 70% of ankle arthritis cases stem from post-traumatic origins, differing from hip and knee arthritis.
  • Inflammatory and primary arthritis account for the remaining cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding and treatment paradigms for ankle arthritis.
  • To outline the spectrum of nonoperative and operative management strategies.
  • To highlight the etiology and epidemiology of ankle joint degeneration.

Main Methods:

  • This review is based on expert opinion (Level V evidence).
  • It synthesizes information on the causes, progression, and treatment of ankle arthritis.
  • The scope includes conservative management, surgical interventions, and specific indications.

Main Results:

  • Nonoperative treatments include lifestyle changes, bracing, physical therapy, medications, and injections.
  • Ankle arthrodesis and total ankle arthroplasty are primary surgical options for advanced arthritis.
  • Debridement, osteotomy, and distraction arthroplasty serve specific, limited indications.

Conclusions:

  • Ankle arthritis management requires a tailored approach based on disease severity and etiology.
  • Surgical interventions are reserved for end-stage disease when conservative methods fail.
  • Understanding the high post-traumatic incidence is crucial for prevention and treatment strategies.