Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

1.2K
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
1.2K
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

1.0K
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
1.0K
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

292
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
292
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

56.0K
Overview
56.0K
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

5.0K
Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
5.0K
Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

2.4K
Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
2.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Environmental dermatology].

Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Clinical practice guidelines for the management of basal cell carcinoma in Gorlin syndrome.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·2025
Same author

Benzoyl Peroxide's Sensitisation Potential and Potency in Experimental Methods and Review of Contact Allergy and Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

Contact dermatitis·2025
Same author

"Delabeling" by direct provocation testing in children and adolescents with a suspected history of a delayed reaction to β-lactam antibiotics: Consensus paper of Gesellschaft für pädiatrische Allergologie und Umweltmedizin (GPAU), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allergologie und klinische Immunologie (DGAKI), and Ärzteverband deutscher Allergologen (ÄDA).

Allergologie select·2024
Same author

Guideline for allergological diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity reactions: S2k Guideline of the German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) in cooperation with the German Dermatological Society (DDG), the Association of German Allergologists (ÄDA), the German Society for Pediatric Allergology (GPA), the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG), the German Society for Pneumology (DGP), the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Austrian Society of Allergology and Immunology (ÖGAI), the Austrian Society of Dermatology and Venereology (ÖGDV), the German Academy of Allergology and Environmental Medicine (DAAU), and the German Documentation Center for Severe Skin Reactions (dZh).

Allergologie select·2023
Same author

S1-Leitlinie Kontaktekzem.

Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations
11:15

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations

Published on: July 24, 2021

4.9K

Hypersensitivity to non-β-lactam antibiotics.

Hans F Merk1, David R Bickers2

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Allergology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, and.

Allergologie Select
|January 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Allergic reactions to non-β-lactam antibiotics like fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides are common. Recent findings explore the unique pathogenesis of these drug hypersensitivities, distinct from β-lactam reactions.

Keywords:
MRGPRX2allergylymphocyte transformation testnon-β-Lactam-antibioticsphotosensitivity

More Related Videos

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions
08:06

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

Published on: February 1, 2018

9.1K
Stress-induced Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing on a Chip
12:41

Stress-induced Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing on a Chip

Published on: January 8, 2014

6.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 5, 2025

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations
11:15

Quadruple-Checkerboard: A Modification of the Three-Dimensional Checkerboard for Studying Drug Combinations

Published on: July 24, 2021

4.9K
The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions
08:06

The Use of a β-lactamase-based Conductimetric Biosensor Assay to Detect Biomolecular Interactions

Published on: February 1, 2018

9.1K
Stress-induced Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing on a Chip
12:41

Stress-induced Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing on a Chip

Published on: January 8, 2014

6.5K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Most antibiotic allergies stem from β-lactam drugs, but non-β-lactam antibiotics also trigger immediate and late allergic reactions.
  • Fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides, particularly sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Co-trimoxazole), are significant culprits.
  • Unique reactions like photosensitivity and HLA allele associations are observed with non-β-lactam antibiotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the pathogenesis of allergic reactions to non-β-lactam antibiotics.
  • To highlight differences in reaction mechanisms compared to β-lactam antibiotic allergies.
  • To focus on specific non-β-lactam drug classes and their associated hypersensitivity patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on non-β-lactam antibiotic hypersensitivity.
  • Analysis of immunological and genetic factors contributing to allergic reactions.
  • Comparison of reaction pathways between different antibiotic classes.

Main Results:

  • Non-β-lactam antibiotics induce diverse allergic responses, including photosensitivity and distinct metabolic profiles.
  • Specific HLA allele associations influence the prevalence of certain non-β-lactam antibiotic allergies.
  • Pathogenesis differs from β-lactam allergies, involving unique immune triggers and pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic reactions to non-β-lactam antibiotics represent a significant clinical concern with distinct pathogenetic mechanisms.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of antibiotic hypersensitivity.
  • Further research into drug metabolism and HLA associations can refine allergy prediction and prevention strategies.