Valsalva Maculopathy Associated with a Sudden, Forceful Shout

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Vascular Medicine

Background:

• Valsalva maculopathy (VM) is an eye condition resulting from the Valsalva maneuver, causing premacular hemorrhage and vision loss.
• It typically affects healthy individuals and has a generally good prognosis, with spontaneous hemorrhage resolution.

Observation:

• A case study details a 43-year-old female experiencing sudden, painless vision loss in her right eye after a forceful shout during an argument.
• Examination revealed a premacular hemorrhage, specifically subhyaloid and subinternal limiting membrane, with significantly reduced visual acuity.

Findings:

• The patient's vision improved to 20/25 within one month, with complete resolution of the premacular hemorrhage.
• No specific treatment was administered, highlighting the self-limiting nature of the condition in this case.

Implications:

• While considered rare, Valsalva maculopathy can result from common daily activities, such as forceful shouting.
• This case underscores the potential for sudden, severe vision impairment due to Valsalva stress, emphasizing the need for awareness.