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Recent progress in polymeric non-invasive insulin delivery
Farzaneh Sabbagh1, Ida Idayu Muhamad2, Razieh Niazmand3
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|February 1, 2022
Summary
Developing non-invasive insulin delivery systems offers a comfortable alternative to injections for diabetes management. This review explores various routes and smart technologies to improve glycemic control and patient compliance.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Current subcutaneous insulin injections cause discomfort and suboptimal glycemic control.
- Diabetes mellitus (Type I and II) requires effective insulin therapy.
- Polymer-based drug release mechanisms include matrix release, leaching, swelling, and diffusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review non-invasive insulin delivery mechanisms.
- To highlight smart stimuli-responsive insulin delivery systems.
- To discuss the application of polymers as insulin carriers.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of non-invasive insulin delivery routes (oral, transdermal, rectal, vaginal, ocular, nasal).
- Exploration of stimuli-responsive systems (glucose, pH, enzymes, NIR, ultrasound, magnetic/electric fields).
- Analysis of polymer applications in insulin delivery carriers.
Main Results:
- Various non-invasive routes and stimuli-responsive systems show promise for insulin delivery.
- Polymers play a crucial role as carriers in these advanced systems.
- Each non-invasive route presents unique advantages and limitations.
Conclusions:
- Non-invasive insulin delivery technologies aim to enhance patient compliance and glycemic control.
- Stimuli-responsive systems offer precise and on-demand insulin release.
- Further research is needed to optimize these advanced delivery methods for widespread clinical use.
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