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Norbornane-based covalent organic frameworks for gas separation.

Sushil Kumar1, Mahmoud A Abdulhamid1, A D Dinga Wonanke2

  • 1Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia. gyorgy.szekely@kaust.edu.sa.

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Summary
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Novel norbornane-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs) demonstrate high CO2/N2 selectivity for gas separation. These materials, synthesized using a new W-shaped diamine, offer tunable porosity and enhanced separation efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous materials with tunable structures.
  • COFs show promise for gas separation due to high surface area and controlled porosity.
  • Modifying COF skeletons is key to optimizing separation performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel norbornane-based COFs using a new W-shaped diamine.
  • To investigate the gas separation properties (CO2/N2 and CH4/N2) of the synthesized COFs.
  • To explore the structure-property relationship influencing gas selectivity in COFs.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of W-shaped diamines via catalytic arene-norbornene annulation (CANAL).
  • Solvothermal Schiff-base condensation of diamines with trialdehyde (Tp) to form β-ketoenamine-linked COFs (ND-COF-1 and ND-COF-2).
  • Characterization of COF structure, porosity, and chemical stability; evaluation of CO2/N2 and CH4/N2 separation performance.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized two novel norbornane-based COFs, ND-COF-1 and ND-COF-2, with methyl group decoration in the pore interior.
  • Both COFs exhibited high chemical stability in organic solvents and acidic media.
  • Achieved high CO2/N2 selectivity, surpassing previously reported COFs, and demonstrated CH4/N2 separation efficiency, with ND-COF-1 showing higher selectivity due to pore accessibility.

Conclusions:

  • The developed W-shaped diamine and subsequent COF synthesis offer a new route for designing advanced porous materials.
  • The synthesized norbornane-based COFs exhibit excellent chemical stability and superior CO2/N2 separation performance.
  • Structural modifications, such as pore pathway accessibility, significantly influence the gas selectivity of COFs, highlighting their potential for efficient gas separations.