Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

319
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
319
Encoding01:19

Encoding

277
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
277
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

468
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
468
Sensory Memory01:14

Sensory Memory

336
Sensory memory captures information from the environment in its original form for a very brief duration, just long enough to be exposed to visual, auditory, and other senses. This type of memory is detailed and rich but quickly lost unless certain strategies are employed to transfer it into short-term or long-term memory. Sensory information is continuously bombarding the human brain, yet only a small fraction is absorbed, as most of it does not significantly impact daily life. For instance,...
336
Elaborative Rehearsals01:07

Elaborative Rehearsals

144
Elaborative rehearsal is a crucial cognitive strategy that strengthens information encoding in long-term memory by making meaningful connections between new data and pre-existing knowledge. This approach contrasts with maintenance rehearsal, which involves simple repetition without delving into the significance of the information. While maintenance rehearsal might temporarily keep information active in short-term memory, it is less effective for long-term retention.
The effectiveness of...
144
Impact of Schemas01:30

Impact of Schemas

20
Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...
20

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Deficient inhibition of irrelevant visual information in migraine: A magnetoencephalography study of alpha-band activity.

Headache·2026
Same author

Validation of the competitive attention test: behavioral reliability and construct-relevant associations across the lifespan.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

Training of pitch contour perception: Influence of pitch processing abilities and multisensory interactions.

Hearing research·2026
Same author

Atypical Change Detection in Sound Sequences: A Behavioral and Magnetoencephalography Study in Congenital Amusia.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same author

Optimizing short-channel regression in fNIRS: an empirical evaluation with ecological audiovisual stimuli.

Neurophotonics·2026
Same author

Music Ensemble: a large dataset on musicianship, cognition, and personality in musicians and nonmusicians.

Scientific data·2026
Same journal

How does optical blur affect audiovisual speech perception and emotion perception?

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Is there a cost in forming statistical summary representations at multiple spatial scales?

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Low prevalence targets are primarily missed due to mind wandering.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

An introduction to the special issue celebrating Mary A. Peterson.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Properties of the threshold stimulus exposure duration (TSED) measure of visual search efficiency.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Auditory selective attention in depth: Investigating directional dependency across front, lateral, and rear spaces.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets
08:45

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets

Published on: December 5, 2014

9.3K

Shared cognitive resources between memory and attention during sound-sequence encoding.

Salomé Blain1,2, Francesca Talamini3,4,5, Lesly Fornoni3,4

  • 1Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre, INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, F-69000, Lyon, France. salome.blain@ens-lyon.fr.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|February 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive functions like attention and working memory share resources during sound encoding. Distraction impacts memory more significantly when the memory task is difficult, especially for musicians.

Keywords:
Attentional filteringAuditoryMemory encodingNon-verbalSelective attentionWorking memory

More Related Videos

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.2K
Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

34.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 4, 2025

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets
08:45

A Dual Task Procedure Combined with Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Test Attentional Blink for Nontargets

Published on: December 5, 2014

9.3K
Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.2K
Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

34.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Auditory Perception
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Selective attention and working memory are crucial cognitive functions that interact during daily tasks.
  • The precise nature of attention-memory interaction during auditory sequence encoding remains incompletely understood.
  • Understanding these interactions is vital for explaining complex cognitive behaviors in noisy environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between selective attention and working memory during the encoding of sound sequences.
  • To examine how varying levels of distractor difficulty and memory load affect performance in musicians and non-musicians.
  • To test predictions derived from the cognitive load theory regarding shared cognitive resources.

Main Methods:

  • A delayed-matching-to-sample task involving two successive tone series presented to one ear.
  • Independent manipulation of selective attention (distractor melody difficulty) and working memory load (encoding precision).
  • Comparison of performance between 16 musicians and 16 non-musicians across different task conditions.

Main Results:

  • Both groups showed reduced accuracy with higher memory task difficulty and more difficult distractors.
  • A significant interaction revealed that non-musicians showed less performance difference between distractors in difficult memory tasks.
  • Musicians, however, demonstrated a greater performance difference between distractors in difficult memory tasks compared to easy ones.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the cognitive load theory, indicating shared cognitive resources between working memory and attention during auditory encoding.
  • Musicians exhibit distinct patterns of attention-memory interaction, potentially reflecting more efficient resource allocation.
  • The study elucidates the complex relationship between attention, memory, and cognitive load in auditory processing.