Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) Improves Pain Control in Patients With Rib Fractures

Area of Science:

• Pain Management
• Regional Anesthesia
• Trauma Care

Background:

• Limited data exist on the efficacy of serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) for managing pain associated with rib fractures.
• Chest wall pain and rib fractures significantly impair respiratory function and patient comfort.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of ultrasound-guided SAPB on pain reduction and incentive spirometry (IS) maximal vital capacity in adult patients with rib fractures.
• To assess the safety and effectiveness of SAPB as a pain control modality in this patient population.

Main Methods:

• A prospective study enrolled adult patients with at least two unilateral rib fractures requiring pain management.
• Serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) was administered by trained emergency physicians.
• Pain scores (11-point Numeric Rating Scale) and maximal vital capacity via IS were recorded at baseline, and 15 and 60 minutes post-block.

Main Results:

• Mean pain scores decreased significantly at rest and during IS at both 15 and 60 minutes post-SAPB.
• Maximal vital capacity measured by IS increased by an average of 232 mL at 60 minutes.
• No complications were attributed to the SAPB within 24 hours post-procedure.

Conclusions:

• Serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) demonstrates efficacy in reducing pain and improving respiratory mechanics in patients with multiple rib fractures.
• SAPB is a safe and effective option for pain management in trauma patients suffering from rib fractures.