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What is the Most Valid and Reliable Compassion Measure in Healthcare? An Updated Comprehensive and Critical Review
Shane Sinclair1,2,3, Jane Kondejewski4,5, Thomas F Hack6,7
1Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada. sinclair@ucalgary.ca.
The Patient
|February 2, 2022
Summary
A review found the Sinclair Compassion Questionnaire (SCQ) to be the gold standard for measuring compassion in healthcare. It is the most comprehensive and rigorously developed tool for assessing clinician compassion.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Quality Improvement
- Psychometric Validation
- Patient Experience Measurement
Background:
- Previous reviews (1985-2016) identified a lack of comprehensive and rigorous compassion measures in healthcare.
- The need for validated instruments to assess compassion among healthcare professionals and in patient care remains critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comparative review of the design and psychometric properties of recently updated or newly published compassion measures in healthcare.
- To identify the most methodologically sound instrument for evaluating clinician compassion.
Main Methods:
- Replicated a previous search strategy across PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and grey literature.
- Evaluated identified compassion measures using the Evaluating Measures of Patient-Reported Outcomes (EMPRO) tool.
- Included measures assessing compassion in clinicians, physicians, nurses, healthcare students, and patients.
Main Results:
- The Sinclair Compassion Questionnaire (SCQ) was the only measure developed following guidelines, defining the concept, and including patient perspectives.
- The SCQ achieved the highest EMPRO overall score (58.1), significantly outperforming other measures.
- The SCQ obtained perfect EMPRO subscale scores for internal consistency, reliability, validity, and respondent burden.
Conclusions:
- The Sinclair Compassion Questionnaire (SCQ) is established as the 'gold standard' for measuring compassion in healthcare.
- The SCQ provides an empirically validated tool for routine evaluations of compassion in clinical practice.
- This measure offers a rigorous basis for assessing and improving compassionate care.
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