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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For...
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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 4, 2025

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates
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Human metabolite detection by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Yao Lu1, Li Lin1, Jian Ye1,2,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.

Materials Today. Bio
|February 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers ultra-sensitive, label-free detection of metabolites, crucial biomarkers in biological samples. This review highlights SERS advancements for metabolite analysis in cells, tissues, and biofluids over the past decade.

Keywords:
Bio-fluidsCellular metabolitesDrug metabolitesMetabolite detectionSurface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Metabolites are key biomarkers reflecting cellular activity and health status.
  • Accurate metabolite detection is vital for biological and medical research.
  • Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers unique advantages for molecular detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in SERS for endogenous and drug metabolite detection.
  • To discuss challenges and optimization strategies for SERS-based metabolite sensing.
  • To explore the integration of SERS with emerging biomedical technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing plasmonic nanomaterials for signal amplification in Raman spectroscopy.
  • Applying SERS for label-free, ultra-sensitive detection of metabolites.
  • Analyzing metabolites at the cellular, tissue, and biofluid levels.

Main Results:

  • SERS enables detection down to the single-molecule level.
  • SERS provides rapid, specific, and non-destructive metabolite analysis.
  • Significant progress has been made in SERS applications for metabolite sensing over the last 10 years.

Conclusions:

  • SERS is a powerful and versatile technique for metabolite detection.
  • Further integration of SERS with other technologies promises enhanced biomedical applications.
  • Continued research is expected to overcome current challenges in SERS metabolite sensing.