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Tissue Engineering with Compact Bone-Derived Cell Spheroids Enables Bone Formation around Transplanted Tooth.

Nahomi Matsumura1,2, Xianqi Li1,2,3, Eri Uchikawa-Kitaya1,2

  • 1Department of Hard Tissue Research, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, 399-0781, Japan.

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|February 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study explored bone tissue engineering for alveolar bone expansion during tooth transplantation. Cortical bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells showed promising results for enhancing bone width, aiding tooth replacement in narrow ridges.

Keywords:
Bone tissue engineeringCollagenCortical bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cellsScaffoldTooth transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative medicine
  • Oral and maxillofacial surgery
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Tooth transplantation is limited by narrow alveolar ridges.
  • Alveolar bone width is crucial for successful tooth transplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate simultaneous bone tissue engineering and tooth transplantation.
  • To enhance alveolar bone width for improved tooth transplantation outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from cortical bone or bone marrow were used.
  • Cells were seeded onto atelocollagen scaffolds and transplanted with molars in mice.
  • New bone formation was assessed using micro-CT and histology.

Main Results:

  • Significant new bone formation occurred around the tooth root.
  • Cortical bone-derived MSCs promoted remarkable bone growth outside the root.
  • Periodontal ligament maintenance was confirmed histologically.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous alveolar bone expansion using MSCs is feasible for tooth transplantation.
  • Cortical bone-derived MSC spheroids show potential for enhancing bone width.
  • Further studies in orthotopic models are needed to assess long-term function.