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Hospital Readmission Due to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Longitudinal Study
Chidiamara Maria Njoku1, Barbara Caecilia Wimmer1, Gregory Mark Peterson1
1School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.
International Journal of Health Policy and Management
|February 5, 2022
Summary
Male, Indigenous, and North-West Tasmania residents face higher chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) readmission risks. Targeted primary healthcare access can help reduce these hospital readmissions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) poses a significant burden on healthcare systems, with hospital readmissions being a key indicator of disease management effectiveness.
- Understanding readmission patterns and associated risk factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of hospital readmissions for COPD at 30, 90, and 365 days post-discharge.
- To identify demographic and socioeconomic risk factors associated with 30-day and 90-day COPD readmissions.
- To analyze factors influencing the time to COPD-related readmission within one year.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of administrative data from major public hospitals in Tasmania, Australia (2011-2015).
- Inclusion criteria: Patients aged 40 years and above admitted for COPD.
- Logistic and Cox regression models were employed to identify risk factors for readmission and time to readmission, respectively.
Main Results:
- COPD-related readmission rates were 6.7% (30 days), 12.2% (90 days), and 23.7% (365 days).
- Risk factors for 30-day readmission included being male, Indigenous status, and residing in the North-West region (lower socioeconomic).
- Increased emergency department visits (COPD-related and non-COPD-related) in the preceding six months were significant predictors for both 30-day and 90-day readmissions. Indigenous status and prior COPD ED visits were associated with decreased time to readmission, while a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index increased readmission time.
Conclusions:
- Male sex, Indigenous status, residence in the North-West region, and previous emergency department visits are associated with a higher risk of COPD readmission in Tasmania.
- Interventions aimed at improving primary healthcare access for these identified high-risk groups are recommended to reduce COPD-related hospital readmissions.
- The findings underscore the need for tailored healthcare strategies to address socioeconomic and demographic disparities in COPD management.
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