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Microbiota of Attine Ants' Gardens: Visualizing a Microbial Landscape by Scanning Electron Microscopy

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Alpine constructed wetlands: A metagenomic analysis reveals microbial complementary structure.

Enrico Ercole¹, Martino Adamo¹, Erica Lumini²

¹University of Torino, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Torino, Italy.

The Science of the Total Environment

|February 6, 2022

Summary

Constructed wetlands at high altitudes can be improved by selecting specific plants. Rumex alpinus hosts the most diverse and stable microbial communities for effective water treatment in alpine environments.

Keywords:

Alps Bacteria Constructed wetlands Fungi Hybrid constructed wetlands Metabarcoding

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Microbiology
Ecology

Background:

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are vital for global water treatment.
High-altitude CW applications and optimal plant-microbe pairings remain understudied.
Alpine CWs depend on native flora and microbial communities for winter survival.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate microbial community composition in high-altitude CWs.
Identify plant species supporting diverse and resilient microbial communities for water treatment.
Determine the influence of plant type (forbs vs. gramineous) on microbial communities.

Main Methods:

Conducted extensive metagenomic sampling within a SW-Alps constructed wetland.
Analyzed prokaryotic and fungal communities associated with different plant species.
Compared microbial communities in CWs versus natural environments.

Main Results:

Microbial diversity was lower in CWs compared to natural conditions.
Plant species significantly influenced microbial community composition.
Carex rostrata, Deschampsia caespitosa, and Rumex alpinus showed high N-cycle bacteria activity.
Rumex alpinus exhibited the richest and most stable fungal and prokaryotic communities.

Conclusions:

Rumex alpinus is a promising species for high-elevation CWs due to its associated microbial communities.
Plant selection is crucial for optimizing microbial functions in alpine constructed wetlands.
Low-maintenance species like Rumex alpinus are ideal for practical application in challenging environments.