Plant immunity: Rice XA21-mediated resistance to bacterial infection.
María Florencia Ercoli1,2, Dee Dee Luu1,2, Ellen Youngsoo Rim1,2
1Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
Summary
Plant immune receptors recognize microbial molecules. The rice XA21 receptor binds a sulfated peptide (RaxX) from Xanthomonas oryzae, highlighting sulfotyrosine
Area of Science:
- Plant pathology
- Molecular biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Plant immunity relies on receptors recognizing microbial molecules.
- The discovery of immune receptors revolutionized understanding of disease resistance ~30 years ago.
Observation:
- The rice XA21 immune receptor recognizes RaxX, a sulfated peptide from Xanthomonas oryzae.
- XA21 exemplifies a broad class of plant and animal immune receptors.
Findings:
- Studies on XA21 reveal insights into plant immune receptor complexity.
- RaxX may play a role in Xanthomonas biology.
- Sulfotyrosine is crucial for XA21-RaxX receptor-ligand interactions.
Implications:
- Understanding XA21-RaxX interactions can inform strategies for crop disease resistance.
- This research sheds light on conserved mechanisms in innate immunity across species.
- Further investigation into sulfated peptides could reveal new targets for disease management.
Related Concept Videos
02:26Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
27.8K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
27.8K
02:43Plant Cell Wall
58.1K
The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.
58.1K
01:25Cell Signaling in Plants
5.8K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.8K
01:28Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
117
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
117
02:22Introduction to Plant Diversity
46.3K
From Water to Land
46.3K