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Sex Disparities in Pediatric Acute Rhinosinusitis: A National Perspective

Vraj P Shah1, Sean Z Haimowitz1, Amar D Desai1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|February 8, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Male pediatric patients with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) face higher risks of orbital and intracranial complications, despite similar healthcare costs and lengths of stay compared to females. Age-specific analysis reveals stark differences in sequelae risk, particularly in older adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a common pediatric condition.
  • Understanding sex-based differences in ARS outcomes is crucial for targeted care.
  • Previous research has not fully explored age-stratified sex disparities in pediatric ARS complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an age-stratified analysis of associations between patient sex and outcomes in pediatric inpatients diagnosed with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS).
  • To identify specific complications and healthcare utilization patterns that differ between male and female pediatric ARS patients.
  • To highlight age-dependent variations in sex-related sequelae risk for ARS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing the 2016 Kids' Inpatient Database.
  • Inclusion of pediatric inpatients (<21 years) diagnosed with ARS (ICD-10 J01).
  • Analysis of orbital and intracranial sequelae using ICD-10 codes, with statistical associations determined by univariate and multivariable analyses, reporting weighted national estimates.

Main Results:

  • Out of 5882 ARS patients, 59.1% were male. Male patients were younger (mean 9.3 vs 9.9 years).
  • Males underwent more procedures (1.8 vs 1.5) and had increased odds for orbital (OR, 1.58) and intracranial (OR, 1.99) complications.
  • Sex-based differences in sequelae risk were most pronounced in adolescents aged 14-20 years, with males showing significantly higher odds for orbital (OR, 2.91) and intracranial (OR, 3.86) complications.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric male inpatients with ARS exhibit a higher propensity for orbital and intracranial sequelae and undergo more procedures compared to females.
  • Despite differences in complications and procedures, total charges and length of stay were comparable between sexes.
  • The study underscores significant age-stratified variations in ARS outcomes based on patient sex, particularly highlighting increased risks for males in older age groups.
Abstract

Keywords:
acute rhinosinusitishead and neck surgerypediatricrhinologysexsinus

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