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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
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Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection
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Aortic dissection and Covid-19; a comprehensive systematic review.

Alireza Ramandi1, Mohammad Ali Akbarzadeh2, Isa Khaheshi2

  • 1School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Current Problems in Cardiology
|February 9, 2022
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Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) can cause aortic dissection, a serious cardiovascular complication. This review explores the link between Covid-19 infection and aortic dissection, highlighting shared inflammatory pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) is a global pandemic with diverse clinical manifestations.
  • While primarily a respiratory illness, Covid-19 presents significant extrapulmonary complications, particularly cardiovascular issues.
  • Aortic dissection, a critical cardiovascular event, is an increasingly recognized yet often underestimated complication of Covid-19.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing literature on aortic dissection occurring concurrently with Covid-19 infection.
  • To investigate potential pathophysiological similarities between aortic dissection and Covid-19 infection.
  • To underscore the importance of recognizing aortic dissection as a complication of Covid-19.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of articles reporting aortic dissection in patients with Covid-19.
  • Analysis of the pathophysiology of aortic dissection.
  • Comparison of inflammatory pathways implicated in Covid-19 and aortic dissection.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests a correlation between Covid-19 infection and an increased incidence of aortic dissection.
  • Shared inflammatory mechanisms, including cytokine storm and endothelial dysfunction, may link Covid-19 to aortic dissection.
  • The review identified specific patterns and risk factors in Covid-19 patients experiencing aortic dissection.

Conclusions:

  • Covid-19 infection may predispose individuals to aortic dissection through shared inflammatory pathways.
  • Increased clinical awareness and prompt diagnosis of aortic dissection in Covid-19 patients are crucial.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the complex relationship and guide clinical management.