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Understanding Synthesis and Structural Variation of Nanomaterials Through In Situ/Operando XAS and SAXS
Lingzhe Fang1, Soenke Seifert2, Randall E Winans2
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA.
Abstract:
Nanostructured materials with high surface area and low coordinated atoms present distinct intrinsic properties from their bulk counterparts. However, nanomaterials' nucleation/growth mechanism during the synthesis process and the changes of the nanomaterials in the working state are still not thoroughly studied. As two indispensable methods, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) provides nanomaterials' electronic structure and coordination environment, while small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) offers structural properties and morphology information. A combination of in situ/operando XAS and SAXS provides high temporal and spatial resolution to monitor the evolution of nanomaterials. This review gives a brief introduction to in situ/operando SAXS/XAS cells. In addition, the application of in situ/operando XAS and SAXS in preparing nanomaterials and studying changes of working nanomaterials are summarized.
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