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Fluid in the female pelvis: cyclic patterns.

J A Davis, B B Gosink

    Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Free fluid in the pelvis is common in asymptomatic premenopausal women throughout the menstrual cycle. Pelvic sonograms show the most fluid just before menses begins.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive medicine
    • Pelvic imaging
    • Gynecology

    Background:

    • Free fluid in the female pelvis is a common finding.
    • Its presence and cyclic variation in asymptomatic women require further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine if a cyclic pattern of free pelvic fluid exists in asymptomatic premenopausal women.
    • To correlate fluid presence with menstrual cycle phases and oral contraceptive use.

    Main Methods:

    • 254 pelvic sonograms were performed on 40 healthy female volunteers.
    • Data collection spanned all phases of the menstrual cycle.

    Main Results:

    • Free fluid was detected during every phase of the menstrual cycle.
    Keywords:
    BiologyClinical ResearchContraceptionContraceptive AgentsContraceptive Agents, FemaleContraceptive MethodsFamily PlanningFertility MeasurementsGenitaliaGenitalia, FemaleMeasurementMenstrual CycleMenstruationOral ContraceptivesParityPhysiologyReproductionResearch MethodologyUrogenital SystemUterus

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  • The highest incidence of pelvic fluid was observed within 5 days before menses onset.
  • A secondary peak in fluid detection occurred between days 13-21 in non-oral contraceptive users.

    • Conclusions:

    • The presence of free pelvic fluid is a normal finding in asymptomatic premenopausal women across the entire menstrual cycle.
    • Fluid accumulation peaks premenstrually, suggesting hormonal influence.