[Kidney failure after liver transplantation].

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Hepatology
• Transplantation Medicine

Background:

• One-third of patients with cirrhosis exhibit impaired kidney function.
• Renal dysfunction negatively affects patient survival both before and after liver transplantation.
• Liver transplant recipients face a high risk of developing chronic kidney disease, with function not always recovering.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review kidney function outcomes following liver transplantation.
• To identify prognostic factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) post-transplant.
• To discuss prevention strategies and indications for combined liver-kidney transplantation.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on kidney function in cirrhotic patients and liver transplant recipients.
• Analysis of preoperative, peroperative, and postoperative factors contributing to renal dysfunction.
• Discussion of risk stratification and therapeutic options for preventing kidney dysfunction.

Main Results:

• Impaired kidney function is common in cirrhosis and impacts transplant outcomes.
• Post-liver transplant, renal dysfunction persists in some patients, increasing CKD risk.
• Risk factors and stratification methods for CKD post-transplant require further consensus.

Conclusions:

• Kidney function assessment and prevention of dysfunction are critical in liver transplant candidates and recipients.
• Risk stratification and targeted therapies are needed to mitigate CKD development.
• Combined liver-kidney transplantation may be indicated for select high-risk patients.