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Hyperthyroidism and Liver Dysfunction: A Review of a Common Comorbidity.
1Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
Clinical Medicine Insights. Endocrinology and Diabetes
|February 14, 2022
Summary
Hyperthyroidism frequently causes abnormal liver enzymes, not intrinsic liver disease. Prompt treatment with thionamides normalizes liver function in most patients, preventing severe complications.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Hepatology
Background:
- Abnormal liver enzymes are common in hyperthyroidism, with prevalence ranging from 15% to 76%.
- Causes include direct liver injury, heart failure, autoimmune conditions, pre-existing liver disease, and medications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the association between hyperthyroidism and liver dysfunction.
- To emphasize the importance of timely treatment for preventing complications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of reported cases and prevalence data.
- Clinical observation of patient outcomes with hyperthyroidism and liver enzyme abnormalities.
Main Results:
- 1% to 2% of hyperthyroid patients may develop fulminant hepatitis.
- 77% to 83% of patients achieve normal liver enzymes after timely thionamide treatment.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians should suspect hyperthyroidism in unexplained liver dysfunction or jaundice.
- Early diagnosis and treatment of hyperthyroidism are crucial for liver health and preventing multi-organ dysfunction.
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