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Updated: Oct 3, 2025
Author Spotlight: Establishing a Practical and Cost-Effective Protocol for Corneal Sensitivity Testing in Clinical Settings
Published on: August 2, 2024
Working principle and relevant physical properties of the Swiss Liquid Jet Aesthesiometer for Corneal Sensitivity
Daniela S Nosch1, Matthias Oscity2, Peter Steigmeier2
1Institute of Optometry, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), Olten, Switzerland.
Purpose:
To describe and evaluate relevant physical properties of the Swiss Liquid Jet Aesthesiometer for Corneal Sensitivity (SLACS) for ocular surface sensitivity measurement.
Methods:
Characteristics of Liquid Jet (LJ) droplets (consisting of isotonic saline solution) were analysed: vertical and horizontal displacement and speed of LJ droplets were recorded with the aid of the High Speed Photron FASTCAM NOVA S6 camera (stimulus duration: 40 ms). Stimulus mass was assessed for 20 sets of 10 LJs with aid of a microbalance (pressure range of 100-1500 mbar).
Results:
Because continuous flow LJ disintegrated into droplets in the lower pressure range (<700 mbar), pulsed stimuli were applied in order to obtain similar stimulus characteristics across the applied pressure range. For all measurements, very little variability was observed. Vertical and horizontal displacement did not exceed 0.13 mm in either direction. The mass per shot showed an unexpected cubic dependency on pressure. Up to approximately 700 mbar, LJ speed showed an almost linear relationship. For the pressure range of >700-1500 mbar, variability increased and speed decreased compared to the expected in a linear manner. However, this may be caused by the difficulty of identifying pattern changes of LJ droplets from one high speed image frame to the next with increasing stimulus speed, when determining LJ speed via pixel count.
Conclusions:
Swiss Liquid Jet Aesthesiometer for Corneal Sensitivity was shown to deliver fine droplets with a pulsed stimulus mode, in a repeatable manner with precise localisation to the ocular surface. Very little variability was observed in LJ speed and mass for the typical pressure range required for clinical sensitivity measurements.
