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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

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Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Task-specific network interactions across key cognitive domains.

Kathleen A Williams1, Ole Numssen1, Gesa Hartwigsen1

  • 1Lise Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|February 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human brain networks involved in attention, language, and social cognition show overlapping structures and flexible interactions. Network activity increases with cognitive complexity, revealing both shared and distinct patterns across these domains.

Keywords:
attentionconnectivitydefault mode networklanguagesemantic cognitionsocial cognition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Brain Network Dynamics

Background:

  • Human cognition relies on distributed brain networks, with known specialization and overlap in higher association areas.
  • Most research focuses on resting-state networks, leaving task-related network interactions across cognitive domains under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize large-scale network dynamics during tasks in attention, language, and social cognition.
  • To investigate how network interactions differ and overlap across these key cognitive domains during cognitive tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized whole-brain multivariate activity and connectivity approaches.
  • Combined prototypical tasks from attention, language, and social cognition domains.
  • Analyzed spatiotemporal characteristics of overlapping large-scale brain networks.

Main Results:

  • Network activity and interactions significantly increase with cognitive complexity across all studied domains.
  • Identified a common core network structure shared across attention, language, and social cognition.
  • Revealed dissociable, domain-specific network activity patterns alongside overlapping network interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Task-based network interactions are crucial for understanding cognitive flexibility and resource allocation.
  • Brain network dynamics exhibit both commonalities and specificities across diverse cognitive functions.
  • A network-level perspective offers deeper insights into cognition than region-specific activity alone.