High Output Heart Failure in Multiple Myeloma: Pathogenetic Considerations
Melania Carlisi1, Salvatrice Mancuso1, Rosalia Lo Presti2
1Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Cancers
|February 15, 2022
Summary
High output heart failure occurs in 8% of multiple myeloma patients, increasing cardiovascular risks. Understanding its causes, like arteriovenous shunts and metabolic changes, is crucial for patient prognosis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- High output heart failure (HO HF) is characterized by systemic congestion in a high-output state.
- It is observed in a significant percentage of hematological diseases, notably multiple myeloma.
- Multiple myeloma patients face an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events, impacting prognosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of the pathogenetic mechanisms of HO HF in multiple myeloma.
- To elucidate the specific factors contributing to HO HF in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- A thorough literature search was conducted.
- Review of existing studies on HO HF and multiple myeloma.
Main Results:
- HO HF is present in 8% of multiple myeloma patients.
- Pathogenetic mechanisms include arteriovenous shunts, enhanced angiogenesis, glutaminolysis, hyperammonemia, and hemorheological alterations (increased plasma viscosity).
Conclusions:
- HO HF in multiple myeloma is linked to significant morbidity and mortality.
- A multidisciplinary approach is essential for managing this condition.
Keywords:
angiogenesisartero-venous fistulaeglutamminolysishigh output heart failurehyperammonemiamultiple myelomaplasma viscosityMore Related Videos
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