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SP-WVD with Adaptive-Filter-Bank-Supported RF Sensor for Low RCS Targets' Nonlinear Micro-Doppler Signature/Pattern

Harish C Kumawat1, A Arockia Bazil Raj1

  • 1Electronics Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune 411025, India.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an innovative method using smooth pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution (SP-WVD) and adaptive filters for accurate micro-Doppler signature imaging of multiple low radar cross-section (RCS) targets. The approach enhances detection and identification capabilities for aerial surveillance.

Keywords:
CW RF sensormicro-Doppler profile imagingshort-time Fourier transformsmoothed pseudo-Wigner–Ville distribution with adaptive decomposition filterwavelet transform

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Area of Science:

  • Radar Systems Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Aerospace Technology

Background:

  • The increasing prevalence of low radar cross-section (RCS) aerial targets necessitates advanced detection and identification methods.
  • Micro-Doppler signatures are crucial for distinguishing and tracking these low RCS targets.
  • Simultaneous operations of multiple low RCS targets present significant challenges in accurate imaging and analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an innovative approach for accurate imaging of simultaneous multiple low RCS aerial targets.
  • To improve the generation of micro-Doppler signatures by mitigating cross-term interferences.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the proposed method against classical techniques using real-world experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • An innovative approach combining smooth pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution (SP-WVD) and an adaptive filter bank was proposed.
  • A C-band (5.3 GHz) radio-frequency (RF) sensor was designed for acquiring micro-Doppler signatures.
  • A digital pipelined-parallel architecture on a Xilinx field-programmable gate array (FPGA) was implemented for efficient data processing.

Main Results:

  • The proposed SP-WVD and adaptive filter bank method demonstrated improved accuracy in imaging micro-Doppler signatures of multiple low RCS targets.
  • Experimental validation confirmed the method's superiority over Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT).
  • Successful imaging was achieved for various simultaneous aerial targets, including propeller systems, bionic birds, and kinetic warheads.

Conclusions:

  • The developed technique offers a significant advancement in the accurate imaging and analysis of simultaneous multiple low RCS aerial targets.
  • The findings support the method's potential for enhanced aerial surveillance and target identification systems.
  • Future research should explore further optimizations and applications in diverse operational scenarios.