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Assessing Trauma Center Accessibility for Healthcare Equity Using an Anti-Covering Approach.

Heewon Chea1, Hyun Kim1, Shih-Lung Shaw1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing trauma center locations in Tennessee using the anti-covering location problem (ACLP) can improve patient access. This study presents models to enhance trauma care accessibility, especially for underserved populations after motor vehicle accidents.

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ACLPGetis–Ord Gaccessibilityanti-covering location problemtrauma centervehicle accident

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Area of Science:

  • Operations Research
  • Public Health
  • Spatial Analysis

Background:

  • Motor vehicle accidents are a leading cause of traumatic injuries requiring trauma center care.
  • Timely access to trauma centers significantly improves survival and recovery rates.
  • Current trauma center accessibility in Tennessee is limited by ground transportation times for some accident locations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess current trauma center placement in Tennessee.
  • To identify optimal trauma center locations using spatial analysis of motor vehicle accidents and population data.
  • To explore feasible scenarios for improving trauma care accessibility in underserved areas.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the anti-covering location problem (ACLP) framework.
  • Development of three distinct ACLP models: TraCt, TraCt-ESC, and TraCt-ESCr.
  • Integration of population distribution, accident data (2015-2019), and spatial clustering of fatalities.

Main Results:

  • The ACLP models provide methods for evaluating and optimizing trauma center locations.
  • Proposed models aim to balance service coverage, reduce excessive supply, and improve access for less-served populations.
  • The study explores scenarios for both relocating existing and establishing new trauma centers.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal placement of trauma centers is crucial for reducing mortality and morbidity from motor vehicle accidents.
  • The ACLP approach offers a robust methodology for strategic healthcare facility location.
  • Findings can inform policy decisions to enhance emergency medical services and trauma care networks.