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Faculty Physician and Trainee Experiences with Micro- and Macroaggressions: a Qualitative Study

Cynthia Kay1,2, Joanne Bernstein3,4, Natalie Yass4

  • 1Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA. ckay@mcw.edu.

Journal of General Internal Medicine
|February 15, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Physician trainees and faculty experience micro- and macroaggressions, which negatively impact them. Qualitative interviews revealed lasting effects and suggested institution-wide education as a key intervention for these stereotype threats.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Physician Well-being
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Micro- and macroaggressions are stereotype threats with detrimental effects.
  • Existing survey data confirms their prevalence, but qualitative insights are limited.
  • Understanding physician trainees' and faculty's lived experiences is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the impact of micro- and macroaggressions on physician trainees and faculty.
  • To gather qualitative data on personal experiences and perceptions of these aggressions.

Main Methods:

  • Virtual, semi-structured interviews with 14 physicians and trainees (students, residents, fellows, faculty).
  • Conducted at a tertiary, urban, US academic medical center and associated hospitals.
  • Grounded theory approach to analyze qualitative data.

Main Results:

  • Four themes emerged: definition, experience, aftereffect, and education/training.
  • Participants reported diverse emotional responses and lasting impacts, with faculty noting cumulative effects.
  • Institutional diversity was a support, and mandatory education was favored as an intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Micro- and macroaggressions significantly impact physician trainees and faculty.
  • Lasting emotional and psychological effects were reported.
  • Institution-wide education and policy changes are recommended to combat these aggressions.
Keywords:
faculty physicianmacroaggressionmicroaggressionphysician trainee

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