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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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Augmenting Immersive Telepresence Experience with a Virtual Body.

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    Adding virtual arms to immersive telepresence did not consistently increase user presence or preference in a 360-degree video study. Individual differences in virtual arm design quality may influence user experience.

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    Area of Science:

    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Virtual Reality
    • Immersive Technologies

    Background:

    • Previous research indicates virtual bodies enhance presence in simulated environments.
    • Limited studies explore the impact of self-embodied virtual arms in immersive telepresence using 360-degree video.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether augmenting immersive telepresence with a virtual body (user's arm motions) enhances user presence and preference.
    • To determine if the visual representation of virtual arms affects the sense of being present.

    Main Methods:

    • A study was conducted using a head-mounted display and a 360-degree camera for telepresence.
    • Participants experienced a virtual lab tour with and without a virtual body representing their arm movements.
    • A pilot study (20 participants) was followed by a confirmatory study (62 participants).

    Main Results:

    • The pilot study suggested increased presence and preference with a virtual body.
    • The confirmatory study did not replicate these findings for presence or preference.
    • Behavioral measures in the confirmatory study indicated a potential increase in presence.

    Conclusions:

    • The effectiveness of virtual bodies in immersive telepresence may depend on factors beyond mere presence.
    • Qualitative data suggests virtual arm quality and animation-video contrast influence user reactions and presence.
    • Further research is needed to optimize virtual body design for enhanced immersive experiences.