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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Updated: Oct 3, 2025

RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA
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E2F1-induced lncRNA, EMSLR regulates lncRNA LncPRESS1.

Priyanka Priyanka1, Madhur Sharma2, Sanjeev Das1

  • 1National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.

Scientific Reports
|February 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), EMSLR, crucial for lung cancer cell proliferation. This E2F1-induced lncRNA, EMSLR, also represses LncPRESS1, highlighting a new regulatory network in lung cancer.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • The transcription factor E2F1 regulates numerous protein-coding genes, but its role in non-coding RNA regulation, particularly long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), is less understood.
  • Identifying novel oncogenic lncRNAs and their regulatory mechanisms is critical for understanding cancer development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify E2F1-dependent oncogenic lncRNAs in lung cancer.
  • To elucidate the function and regulatory network of a newly discovered lncRNA, EMSLR, in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide transcriptome analysis was performed to identify E2F1-induced lncRNAs.
  • Functional studies involved EMSLR depletion to assess its impact on cell cycle and clonogenic ability.
  • Analysis of the regulatory relationship between EMSLR and LncPRESS1, including their promoter activity and expression patterns.
  • Investigation of the role of C-MYC in regulating EMSLR and LncPRESS1 expression.

Main Results:

  • A novel lncRNA, EMSLR, was discovered and found to be induced in both LUAD and LUSC.
  • EMSLR depletion caused G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibited clonogenic ability, indicating its essential role in tumor phenotypes.
  • EMSLR was shown to repress the promoter activity of LncPRESS1, another lncRNA located upstream, with inverse expression patterns observed in lung cancer cell lines.
  • C-MYC depletion led to decreased EMSLR and increased LncPRESS1 expression, demonstrating its role in this lncRNA regulatory network.

Conclusions:

  • EMSLR is an E2F1-induced oncogenic lncRNA essential for lung cancer cell proliferation and survival.
  • EMSLR and LncPRESS1 form a regulatory axis, with EMSLR repressing LncPRESS1, and this network is modulated by C-MYC and E2F1 signaling pathways.
  • These findings reveal a novel lncRNA regulatory network controlled by key oncogenic pathways, offering potential therapeutic targets for lung cancer.