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This study explores triple HgTe quantum wells, revealing topological insulator phases with multiple edge states. Experimental transport measurements confirm theoretical predictions, showing complex subband structures and coexistence of parabolic and Dirac subbands.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Physics

Background:

  • HgTe/HgCdTe heterostructures form two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators, consistent with the Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang (BHZ) model.
  • Triple HgTe quantum wells present a more complex system with potential for multiple topological phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically and experimentally investigate the characteristics of triple HgTe quantum wells.
  • To map the topological phase diagram based on well and barrier widths.
  • To analyze the nature and transport properties of edge states in these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a three-dimensional (3D) Kane model to describe the heterostructure.
  • Derived an effective 2D Hamiltonian from the 3D model's eigenstates.
  • Conducted transport measurements on a sample near a topological phase transition.

Main Results:

  • Developed a phase diagram identifying topological phases with zero to three sets of hybridized edge states.
  • Phase transitions are marked by changes in spin Chern numbers and band inversions.
  • Experimental transport measurements on a specific sample indicated a gapless spectrum with coexisting parabolic and Dirac subbands, and edge states within valence subbands.
  • Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations showed excellent agreement with theoretical predictions, confirming the coexistence of parabolic and Dirac subbands.

Conclusions:

  • Triple HgTe quantum wells exhibit rich topological phase diagrams with tunable edge states.
  • Transport measurements in certain regimes can be obscured by bulk conductivity, making edge state characterization challenging.
  • The coexistence of parabolic and Dirac subbands is experimentally verified through SdH oscillations, validating the theoretical model.