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Differences between junior and senior male sprinters in physiological variables associated with sprint performance
Takaya Yoshimoto1, Yohei Takai2, Hiroyasu Tsuchie3
1Faculty of Education Kogakkan University, Ise, Japan - takaya.yoshimoto1002@gmail.com.
Sprint performance differs between junior and senior sprinters. Junior sprinters rely on jumping ability and hip flexor size, while seniors depend on anaerobic capacity for maximal running velocity.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Human Physiology
- Athletic Performance
Background:
- Extensive research exists on sprint performance physiology.
- Limited data compares physiological variables between junior and senior sprinters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare physiological variables influencing sprint performance in junior versus senior male sprinters.
Main Methods:
- Measured maximal running velocity, body composition, muscle thickness, jumping task performance, and anaerobic pedaling power.
- Included 17 junior and 22 senior male sprinters.
Main Results:
- Maximal pedaling power relative to body mass differed significantly between groups.
- Explanatory factors for maximal running velocity varied: standing five-step jump and psoas major muscle size for juniors; maximal pedaling power for seniors.
Conclusions:
- Physiological factors distinguishing sprint performance differ by age group.
- Junior sprinters' performance is linked to horizontal jumping and hip flexor muscles; senior sprinters' performance is linked to anaerobic capacity.
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