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Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

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Extreme prematurity: Risk and resiliency.

Genevieve L Taylor¹, T Michael O'Shea²

¹Genevieve L Taylor MD: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine.

Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care

|February 19, 2022

Summary

Infants born extremely preterm face higher risks of neurodevelopmental disorders. Interventions aim to prevent premature birth and improve outcomes for these vulnerable children.

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The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

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Area of Science:

Neonatal Medicine
Developmental Pediatrics
Public Health

Background:

Extremely preterm birth (before 28 weeks) is rare but disproportionately affects children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Conditions include cerebral palsy, intellectual deficit, autism, ADHD, and epilepsy.
This review focuses on two major cohorts: EPICURE (UK/Ireland) and ELGAN (US).

Purpose of the Study:

To review neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants.
To identify early life and prenatal risk factors.
To summarize current interventions for improving life course outcomes.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from the EPICURE and ELGAN cohorts.
Focus on neurodevelopmental disorders, growth, respiratory illness, and well-being.
Examination of perinatal brain damage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, inflammation, and socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

Extremely preterm infants have increased risks for most neurodevelopmental disorders.
Perinatal factors (brain damage, BPD, inflammation) and prenatal socioeconomic position contribute to risk.
Males face higher risks for adverse outcomes; neurodevelopmental impairment impacts quality of life.

Conclusions:

Early life and prenatal factors significantly influence neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants.
Interventions are crucial for preventing premature birth and mitigating adverse neurodevelopmental effects.
Targeted postnatal support can improve the long-term life course for these individuals.