Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

NF-κB-dependent Luciferase Activation and Quantification of Gene Expression in Salmonella Infected Tissue Culture Cells
10:57

NF-κB-dependent Luciferase Activation and Quantification of Gene Expression in Salmonella Infected Tissue Culture Cells

Published on: January 12, 2020

10.8K

Long Non-Coding RNA PACER Regulates Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced Inflammatory Response through Interaction with

Changdi Xu1, Huan Deng1, Feng Liu1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science
|February 19, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

p50-associated cyclooxygenase-2 extragenic RNA (PACER) promotes airway inflammation during Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by activating NF-κB. Reducing PACER levels alleviates this inflammatory response in epithelial cells.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection triggers airway epithelial inflammation.
  • The role of non-coding RNAs in MP-induced inflammation is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of p50-associated cyclooxygenase-2 extragenic RNA (PACER) in MP-induced airway epithelial inflammation.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms involving NF-κB signaling.

Main Methods:

  • MP infection of A549 cells.
  • Quantification of PACER, IL-8, TNF-α, and COX-2 expression using qRT-PCR and ELISA.
  • Assessment of NF-κB activity via luciferase reporter assay.
  • Verification of PACER-NF-κB interaction using RNA immunoprecipitation.

Main Results:

  • PACER expression was upregulated in MP-infected A549 cells.
  • Knockdown of PACER suppressed inflammatory cytokine production (IL-8, TNF-α) and COX-2 expression.
  • PACER knockdown inhibited MP-induced NF-κB activation.
  • PACER was found to physically bind to NF-κB p50.

Conclusions:

  • PACER plays a significant role in mediating airway epithelial inflammation caused by MP infection.
  • Attenuation of PACER reduces inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Keywords:
Mycoplasma pneumoniaecyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)inflammationlong non-coding RNA (lncRNA)nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)p50-associated COX-2 extragenic RNA (PACER)

More Related Videos

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection09:01

An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Published on: December 10, 2013

8.0K
Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells09:04

Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: May 22, 2014

21.1K

Related Concept Videos

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.9K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
9.0K
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
69.1K
Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
70
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
7.7K
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
897