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Segregation in fresh concrete is a phenomenon where the components of the concrete mix separate, leading to uneven distribution and compromised structural integrity. This separation typically occurs when concrete is subjected to excessive horizontal movement within forms, or when it is dropped from considerable heights or forced through narrow, winding paths. As a result, heavier coarse aggregate particles settle at the bottom, while lighter, finer materials such as cement and water rise to the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 3, 2025

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations
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Segregation Predicts COVID-19 Fatalities in Less Densely Populated Counties.

Becky Li1, Ryan J Quinn2, Salimah Meghani3

  • 1School of Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA.

Cureus
|February 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Social determinants of health impact COVID-19 outcomes. High COVID-19 fatality is linked to population density and residential segregation, especially in less populated areas.

Keywords:
barriers to healthcarecovid-19health disparitiesresidential segregationsocial determinants of health

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Social determinants of health (SDoH) significantly influence COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Identifying key SDoH is crucial for addressing health disparities during the pandemic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify essential social determinants of health predicting COVID-19 fatality rates at the county level.
  • To analyze the association between SDoH and high COVID-19 fatality using machine learning.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of county-level COVID-19 fatality data from California, Illinois, and New York.
  • Inclusion of 23 county-level SDoH from County Health Rankings & Roadmaps.
  • Application of the decision tree method to identify predictors of high COVID-19 fatality.

Main Results:

  • Population density, residential segregation, and preventable hospitalization rates were key predictors of COVID-19 fatalities.
  • Residential segregation emerged as a significant predictor in low-density counties.
  • The predictive model achieved an AUC of 0.79, with 74% sensitivity and 76% specificity.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 fatality is associated with high population density.
  • Residential segregation is a critical factor in COVID-19 fatality, particularly in less densely populated regions.
  • Findings inform COVID-19 resource allocation and public health strategies.