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Toward Research-Informed Design Implications for Interventions Limiting Smartphone Use: Functionalities Review of
Sultan Almoallim1, Corina Sas1
1School of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
JMIR Formative Research
|February 21, 2022
Summary
This study reviewed 39 commercial and 17 academic digital well-being apps, finding most focus on limiting screen time. Recommendations are provided for designing more effective digital well-being technologies.
Area of Science:
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Digital Well-being Technology
- App Functionality Analysis
Background:
- Extensive research in human-computer interaction (HCI) explores technology's role in supporting well-being.
- A proliferation of commercial digital well-being applications exists, yet scholarly reviews are limited.
- Existing research often overlooks the practical functionality and user experience of these apps.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive review of popular commercial digital well-being apps and academic counterparts.
- To analyze the functionalities of 39 commercial apps from the Google Play Store and 17 academic apps.
- To provide insights into the user experience of digital well-being technologies through autoethnography.
Main Methods:
- Systematic selection of 39 commercial apps (out of 1250) and 17 academic apps.
- Functionality analysis based on app descriptions for both commercial and academic apps.
- Autoethnographic study involving interaction with commercial apps to understand user experience.
Main Results:
- Commercial digital well-being apps predominantly focus on screen time limitation.
- Identified distinctions between monitoring use, tracking against limits, and specific interventions for limited use.
- The study highlights a need to move beyond simple screen time restrictions.
Conclusions:
- Future digital well-being app design should broaden focus beyond screen time.
- Emphasize supporting meaningful digital engagement over merely limiting usage.
- Incorporate design elements like digital navigation friction and collaborative features.
- Recommendations include explicit time-based visualizations and ethical design principles.
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