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Disentangling Coexisting Structural Order Through Phase Lock-In Analysis of Atomic-Resolution STEM Data.

Berit H Goodge¹, Ismail El Baggari², Seung Sae Hong^3,4

¹School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USA.

Microscopy and Microanalysis : the Official Journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada

|February 22, 2022

Summary

This study introduces a new phase analysis technique for atomic-resolution STEM imaging. It reveals complex structural details and multiple order parameters in quantum materials, offering deeper insights into material properties.

Keywords:

atomic resolution STEM geometric phase analysis heterogeneity quantum materials superlattice

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Atomic-resolution STEM imaging provides amplitude and geometric phase information.
Geometric Phase Analysis (GPA) typically maps elastic strain.
Crystalline lattices contain local variations and heterogeneities.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate an alternative phase demodulation technique for STEM imaging.
To reveal complex structural phenomena in correlated quantum materials.
To extract multiple order parameters and analyze their interplay.

Main Methods:

Developed a novel phase demodulation technique.
Applied the technique to atomic-resolution STEM images.
Extended phase analysis to Fourier components encoding lattice modulations.

Main Results:

Successfully extracted detailed information on structural order and disorder, including dislocations and defects.
Revealed the behavior of multiple distinct order parameters within a single image.
Visualized the spatial interplay between various structural orders in novel materials.

Conclusions:

The phase lock-in approach provides insights into crystalline heterogeneity and emergent order parameters like antipolar displacements.
This method enables vivid visualizations of complex structural phenomena over large fields of view.
The technique offers a powerful tool for studying novel quantum materials.