Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for the Rondo Dwarf Galago in Coastal Forests, Tanzania

Negative effects of climate change on organisms and their habitats pose significant conservation challenges especially for species already under siege from other threats like habitat loss, pollution and diseases. This study assessed the extent to which the Rondo dwarf galago (Paragalago rondoensis), an endangered primate in the coastal forests in eastern Tanzania is threatened by climate change. Past and projected temperature and precipitation records from Tanzania Meteorological Authority were overlaid with P. rondoensis distribution range to assess the species exposure to climate extremes. Traits predisposing it to climate change were also obtained from published literature and experts on the organism's biology to determine its sensitivity. The P. rondoensis vulnerability to climate change was obtained by feeding exposure and sensitivity data into Natureserve's Climate Change Vulnerability Index (CCVI) software. Results indicated that most of Rondo galago's habitat and distribution range will be exposed to a temperature increase of 1 to 1.3 °C by 2050, which if combined with other threats, is likely to further endanger the species survival. Due to its diet specialization on insects, which are moisture-dependent, any extreme decrease in humidity will reduce its diet availability thereby threatening the species further. Moreover, Rondo galago's limited habitats and distribution range in the East African tropical coastal forests, raises the species threat level. Rondo galago's conservation should be enhanced through creation of corridors to facilitate its possible shifts to conducive and safer habitats in the event of extreme weather. Climate change aspects should also be integrated into the species conservation strategies.