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Methods for isolating and analyzing physiological hyaluronan: a review.

Felipe Rivas1, Dorothea Erxleben1, Ian Smith1

  • 1Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
|February 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hyaluronan (or hyaluronic acid, HA) is vital in human tissues, but its analysis is challenging. This review covers methods for assessing HA concentration and size in biological samples.

Keywords:
extractionhyaluronanquantificationsize distributiontranslational biomarkers

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Glycobiology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Hyaluronan (HA) is a ubiquitous carbohydrate in human tissues and biofluids.
  • HA's functions in health and disease depend on its abundance and molecular size.
  • Assessing HA in biological samples has significant translational potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current analytical methods for evaluating native hyaluronan.
  • To discuss protocols for separating HA from complex biological matrices.
  • To survey technologies for determining HA concentration and molecular weight.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of analytical techniques for hyaluronan assessment.
  • Focus on methods applicable to native HA in physiological specimens.
  • Inclusion of sample preparation and quantification technologies.

Main Results:

  • Established analytical methods for proteins and nucleic acids contrast with less standardized HA techniques.
  • The review surveys diverse approaches to HA analysis.
  • Protocols for matrix separation and measurement of concentration and size are highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized analytical methods for hyaluronan are needed.
  • Improved techniques will enhance understanding of HA's role in health and disease.
  • This review provides a foundation for developing and applying HA assessment tools.