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Chronic Tinnitus.

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  • 1Tinnitus Center, Charité-University Medical Center, Berlin; Tinnitus Clinic, Bad Arolsen Hospital; Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Jena; Department of Hearing Loss, Tinnitus, and Vestibular Disorders, VAMED Rehabilitation Hospital Bad Grönenbach; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Freiburg; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rechts der Isar Hospital, Technical University of Munich.

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Cognitive behavioral therapy and psychotherapeutic interventions are recommended for chronic tinnitus distress. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term effects and psychosomatic comorbidity.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Psychology
  • Evidence-based medicine

Background:

  • Chronic tinnitus affects 3.5% of adults, with nearly 25% experiencing episodes.
  • No definitive causal therapy exists, necessitating rigorous scientific assessment of treatments.
  • Tinnitus management requires addressing both auditory symptoms and associated mental distress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To revise the German clinical practice guideline for chronic tinnitus.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for tinnitus treatment.
  • To develop a patient-accessible guideline based on the revised clinical practice guideline.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and Cochrane Library for chronic tinnitus.
  • Inclusion of existing international clinical practice guidelines.
  • Revision of the German guideline and creation of a patient-friendly version.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) shows significant effect sizes (0.54-0.91) for reducing tinnitus-related distress.
  • Psychotherapeutic interventions, including CBT, are recommended alongside hearing improvement measures.
  • Insufficient evidence exists for drug treatment, sound/music therapy, and neuromodulation.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy and psychotherapeutic interventions are primary treatment options for chronic tinnitus.
  • Thorough diagnosis and counseling are essential components of tinnitus management.
  • Future interdisciplinary research should focus on long-term effects and psychosomatic comorbidity.