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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Lens Design
    • Diffraction Theory

    Background:

    • Achieving diffraction-limited imaging is crucial for high-resolution optical systems.
    • Traditional lens designs often struggle to correct for aberrations across various parameters.
    • Conic surfaces offer greater design flexibility compared to spherical surfaces.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and analyze a novel lens design utilizing bi-conic surfaces.
    • To present a comprehensive analytical and numerical framework for designing bi-conic lenses.
    • To demonstrate the capability of bi-conic lenses for achieving on-axis diffraction-limited imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of analytical and numerical calculations for bi-conic surface solutions.
    • Prescription of object/image distances, lens thickness, and refractive index as design constraints.
    • Implementation and validation of the design process through a specific case study.

    Main Results:

    • Complete solutions for conical front and back surfaces are derived.
    • A method for obtaining on-axis diffraction-limited images with bi-conic lenses is established.
    • The efficacy of the bi-conic lens design is confirmed via a practical example.

    Conclusions:

    • Bi-conic lenses provide a viable solution for achieving diffraction-limited optical performance.
    • The presented analytical and numerical methods offer a robust approach to designing such lenses.
    • This work contributes to the advancement of high-performance optical component design.