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Impact of Non-Coding RNAs on Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Oral Cancer

Karen Yamaguchi1,2, Tomofumi Yamamoto1,3, Junichiro Chikuda4

  • 1Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.

Biomolecules
|February 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Drug resistance in oral cancer is a major challenge. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), delivered via extracellular vesicles, play a key role in developing this resistance, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Drug resistance in oral cancer leads to treatment failure, tumor recurrence, and metastasis.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are implicated in drug resistance mechanisms.
  • ncRNAs regulate gene expression and biological processes crucial for drug resistance, such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding drug resistance in oral cancer.
  • To focus on the functional role of ncRNAs in the development of oral cancer drug resistance.
  • To highlight the potential of ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on oral cancer drug resistance.
  • Analysis of the role of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs) in drug resistance pathways.
  • Investigation of ncRNA involvement in intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs are involved in modulating gene expression and key biological processes linked to drug resistance.
  • ncRNAs are frequently found in EVs and mediate intercellular communication, contributing to acquired drug resistance.
  • Emerging evidence points to ncRNAs as significant players in oral cancer drug resistance.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are critical mediators of drug resistance in oral cancer.
  • Intercellular transfer of ncRNAs via EVs contributes to acquired resistance.
  • ncRNAs represent promising biomarkers for oral cancer diagnosis and potential therapeutic targets.
Keywords:
EMTextracellular vesicleslncRNAmiRNAoral cancer

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