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Cognitive Impairment in Heart Failure-A Review
Fang Qin Goh1, William K F Kong1,2, Raymond C C Wong1,2
1Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
Biology
|February 25, 2022
Summary
Heart failure (HF) is linked to cognitive impairment (CI), affecting memory and thinking. Understanding the brain changes and pathways in HF patients is crucial for better management and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Neurology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Cognitive impairment (CI) is prevalent in heart failure (HF) patients, impacting global cognition and specific domains.
- HF is associated with increased dementia risk and observable brain changes like grey matter atrophy and white matter lesions.
- CI in HF correlates with reduced functional independence, increased hospitalizations, and higher mortality rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the association between heart failure and cognitive impairment.
- To explore the patterns of brain injury in HF patients.
- To discuss potential pathophysiological mechanisms and management strategies for CI in HF.
Main Methods:
- Literature search conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus.
- Inclusion of original research articles investigating the HF-CI connection.
- Systematic review and discussion of identified literature.
Main Results:
- HF patients exhibit significant cognitive deficits compared to controls.
- Brain abnormalities, including atrophy and lesions, are common in HF.
- Proposed mechanisms include hypoperfusion, inflammation, and thromboembolism, though poorly understood.
Conclusions:
- CI is a significant comorbidity in HF with serious consequences.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking HF and CI.
- Improved recognition and management of CI are essential for HF patient care.
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