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Related Concept Videos

Bode Plots Construction01:24

Bode Plots Construction

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The Bode plot is an essential tool in control system analysis, mapping the frequency response of a system through a magnitude plot and a phase plot, both against a logarithmic frequency axis. To construct a Bode plot, consider the transfer function H(ω):
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Reference Percentiles for Bioelectrical Phase Angle in Athletes.

Francesco Campa1, Diana Maria Thomas2, Krista Watts2

  • 1Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy.

Biology
|February 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study established bioelectrical phase angle reference values for male and female athletes across different sports. Endurance athletes showed lower phase angle values compared to velocity/power and team sports athletes.

Keywords:
BIAbody compositionendurancefat-free masssports performanceteam sports

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Human Physiology
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Bioelectrical phase angle (PhA) is a marker of cell membrane integrity and nutritional status.
  • Establishing reference values for PhA in athletes is crucial for monitoring training and performance.
  • Previous research has not comprehensively stratified PhA reference values by sex and specific sport modalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop sex- and sport-specific reference percentiles for bioelectrical phase angle in athletes.
  • To compare PhA values across different sport modalities (endurance, velocity/power, team sports).
  • To provide a normative dataset for tracking body composition and performance-related parameters in athletes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 2224 athletes (1658 males, 566 females) across various sport disciplines.
  • Bioelectrical phase angle was measured using foot-to-hand bioimpedance technology at 50 kHz during the in-season period.
  • Reference percentiles (5th, 15th, 50th, 85th, 95th) were calculated using empirical Bayesian analysis, stratified by sex and sport modality.

Main Results:

  • Phase angle significantly differed among sport modalities, with endurance athletes exhibiting lower values than velocity/power and team sports athletes in both sexes.
  • Male athletes consistently demonstrated higher phase angle values than female athletes across all sport modalities.
  • Sex- and sport-specific reference percentiles were successfully derived for 22 male and 19 female sport disciplines.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides the first comprehensive set of sex- and sport-specific bioelectrical phase angle reference percentiles for athletes.
  • These reference values can serve as a valuable tool for coaches and sports scientists to assess body composition and monitor athlete status.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering sport modality and sex when interpreting bioelectrical phase angle in athletic populations.