"Silicon-On-Insulator"-Based Nanosensor for the Revelation of MicroRNA Markers of Autism

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which represent short (20 to 22 nt) non-coding RNAs, were found to play a direct role in the development of autism in children. Herein, a highly sensitive "silicon-on-insulator"-based nanosensor (SOI-NS) has been developed for the revelation of autism-associated miRNAs. This SOI-NS comprises an array of nanowire sensor structures fabricated by complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible technology, gas-phase etching, and nanolithography. In our experiments described herein, we demonstrate the revelation of ASD-associated miRNAs in human plasma with the SOI-NS, whose sensor elements were sensitized with oligonucleotide probes. In order to determine the concentration sensitivity of the SOI-NS, experiments on the detection of synthetic DNA analogues of autism-associated miRNAs in purified buffer were performed. The lower limit of miRNA detection attained in our experiments amounted to 10^-17 M.