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A High-Sensitivity Vacuum Diode Temperature Sensor Based on Barrier-Lowering Effect.

Zhihua Shen1, Xiao Wang2, Qiaoning Li1

  • 1School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nantong Vocational University, Nantong 226007, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel vacuum diode temperature sensor operates using electric-field-assisted thermionic emission. This device offers a potential new method for temperature sensing, with a designed circuit ensuring linear voltage-temperature dependency.

Keywords:
electric field assisted thermionic emissiontemperature sensorvacuum diode

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Traditional temperature sensors face limitations in certain applications.
  • Vacuum electronic devices offer unique operational principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and numerically study a novel temperature sensor based on a vacuum diode.
  • To investigate the operational mechanisms and temperature-sensing capabilities of the proposed device.
  • To design a circuit for linearizing the sensor's output.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of a vacuum diode structure.
  • Analysis of electron emission mechanisms (thermionic emission, barrier-lowering effect).
  • Design and mathematical derivation of a proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) circuit.

Main Results:

  • The vacuum diode sensor demonstrated temperature-sensing ability within the 273 K-325 K range at 1 μA supply current.
  • The electric-field-assisted thermionic emission regime was identified as crucial for temperature determination.
  • A PTAT circuit was designed to achieve a linear voltage-temperature relationship.
  • A temperature sensitivity of 7.6 mV/K was calculated from measured I-U characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • A vacuum diode-based temperature sensor is feasible and offers a new sensing approach.
  • The device's performance is dependent on specific electron emission regimes.
  • The integration of a PTAT circuit enhances the sensor's practical applicability for linear temperature readings.