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High sensitivity pH sensing by using a ring resonator laser integrated into a microfluidic chip.

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    |February 25, 2022
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    We developed a highly sensitive chip-scale pH sensor using an optofluidic ring resonator (OFRR) laser. This innovative sensor offers enhanced detection for various applications, improving upon traditional fluorescence methods.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Sensing
    • Microfluidics
    • Analytical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Optofluidic ring resonator (OFRR) lasers offer unique properties for sensing applications.
    • High refractive index optical fibers can serve as both optical cavities and sensing reactors.
    • Disodium fluorescein (DSF) acts as a gain medium and fluorescent probe in aqueous solutions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a chip-scale integrated pH sensor with high sensitivity.
    • To utilize an optofluidic ring resonator (OFRR) laser for pH detection.
    • To enhance signal-to-noise ratio and achieve a low lasing threshold for sensitive measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • An optical fiber with a high refractive index was used as the optical cavity and sensing reactor.
    • Disodium fluorescein (DSF) aqueous solution served as the cladding gain medium.
    • Pump light guided along the fiber axis excited dye molecules via evanescent field, generating lasing emission.

    Main Results:

    • The lasing threshold was found to be highly dependent on the pH value of the cladding solution due to deprotonation.
    • Lasing emission intensity showed good linearity with pH in the range of 6.51-8.13.
    • A 2-order-of-magnitude sensitivity enhancement was achieved compared to conventional fluorescence measurements.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed OFRR lasing platform provides a robust and low-sample-consumption sensing strategy.
    • This technology is suitable for label-free, real-time, and in situ detection in medicine and hazardous substance monitoring.
    • The integrated pH sensor demonstrates significant potential for advanced analytical applications.